Cancer of the breast, often referred to as breast cancer, is a malignant tumor that develops within the breast tissues. It is a type of cancer characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the breast, mainly in the milk-producing glands (lobules) or the ducts that transport milk from the lobules to the nipple.
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and can also affect men, albeit at a significantly lower rate. The exact causes of breast cancer are not fully understood, although certain risk factors have been identified, including age, family history, hormonal influence, obesity, alcohol consumption, and exposure to radiation.
Common symptoms of breast cancer may include a lump or thickening in the breast or armpit, changes in breast shape or size, skin dimpling or puckering, nipple discharge (other than breast milk), or persistent changes in breast appearance or texture. However, it is important to note that many cases of breast cancer do not display any noticeable symptoms at the early stages.
Early detection through regular breast self-examinations, clinical breast examinations, and mammograms can significantly increase the chances of successful treatment. Treatment options for breast cancer may involve surgery (such as lumpectomy or mastectomy), radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hormonal therapy, or a combination of these treatments, depending on the stage and specific characteristics of the cancer. Survival rates for breast cancer vary depending on the stage at diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment, with early detection leading to better outcomes. Therefore, raising awareness and promoting regular screening and self-examinations is crucial in the fight against breast cancer.
