Cancer of endometrium, also known as endometrial cancer or uterine cancer, is a type of cancer that originates in the lining of the uterus called the endometrium. The endometrium is the innermost layer of the uterus and is responsible for nourishing and supporting a fertilized egg during pregnancy.
When abnormal cells form and multiply uncontrollably in the endometrium, it leads to the development of cancer. This typically occurs due to a genetic mutation in the cells of the endometrium, causing them to reproduce rapidly and invade nearby tissues.
Cancer of endometrium is one of the most common types of gynecologic cancer, primarily affecting postmenopausal women. It usually presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding after menopause, although it can also cause heavy or prolonged bleeding during menstruation in premenopausal women. Other symptoms may include pelvic pain, pain during intercourse, or an enlarged uterus.
Diagnosis of endometrial cancer involves various methods such as pelvic examination, endometrial biopsy, imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI, and sometimes a dilation and curettage procedure. Treatment options for cancer of endometrium depend on the stage of the disease and may include surgery (hysterectomy), radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these approaches.
Early detection and prompt treatment play a crucial role in managing cancer of endometrium. Regular check-ups with a gynecologist and awareness of any unusual changes in menstrual patterns or postmenopausal bleeding are essential for early identification and intervention.
