Cancer of Appendix, also known as appendiceal cancer or appendix cancer, is a rare malignancy that develops in the appendix, a small tube-like organ attached to the large intestine. The appendix plays an uncertain role in the human body and has no known essential functions.
Cancer of appendix typically arises from the cells lining the inner wall of the appendix. This condition is characterized by abnormal cell growth in the appendix, forming tumors that can be either benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Malignant tumors of the appendix are further classified into different types, including adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, and signet ring cell carcinoma, each with distinct characteristics and behavior.
The signs and symptoms of cancer of appendix are often nonspecific, leading to delayed diagnosis and detection. Common symptoms can include abdominal pain, bloating, changes in bowel habits, unexplained weight loss, and a palpable mass in the right lower abdomen.
The diagnosis of cancer of the appendix typically involves imaging tests, such as CT scans and ultrasound, combined with histopathological analysis of tissue samples obtained through surgical removal of the appendix (appendectomy). The choice of treatment depends on various factors, including the tumor's stage, size, and location, but generally involves surgical intervention to remove the affected tissue and, in some cases, additional treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Although cancer of the appendix is rare, its prognosis can vary widely depending on the type and stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis. Early detection and appropriate treatment can significantly improve the chances of successful outcomes.
