Cancer of the adrenal cortex, also known as adrenal cortical carcinoma, is a rare malignant tumor that originates in the outermost layer (cortex) of the adrenal gland. The adrenal glands are small, triangular-shaped organs located on top of each kidney and are responsible for producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions such as metabolism, blood pressure, and stress response.
Cancer of the adrenal cortex is characterized by the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells within the adrenal cortex, leading to the formation of a tumor. This type of cancer typically affects individuals between the ages of 30 and 50, although it can occur at any age.
Symptoms of adrenal cortical carcinoma may include abdominal pain, weight loss, excessive hair growth, irregular menstrual periods (in women), high blood pressure, and depression. However, these symptoms can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor, as well as the hormones produced by the tumor cells.
Diagnosis of cancer of the adrenal cortex involves a comprehensive evaluation, including medical history, physical examination, imaging tests (such as CT scans or MRI), and hormone level measurements. Surgical removal of the tumor is the primary treatment, often followed by radiation therapy or chemotherapy to target any remaining cancer cells.
Prognosis for patients with adrenal cortical carcinoma can vary depending on the stage of cancer at diagnosis, the size of the tumor, and the presence of metastasis. Early detection and timely treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.
