BEHAVIOURAL PSYCHOLOGY Meaning and
Definition
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Behavioural psychology, also known as behaviorism, is a branch of psychology that focuses on the study of human behavior, emphasizing observable and measurable behaviors as the primary subject of investigation. It seeks to understand, predict, and modify behavior through scientific research and experimentation.
In behavioural psychology, behavior is viewed as a response to external stimuli, shaped by the individual's environment and experiences. Its fundamental premise is that behavior is learned through conditioning processes, in which an individual's actions are influenced by consequences that follow those actions. These consequences may include rewards or punishments, which in turn affect future behavior.
Behavioural psychologists often employ laboratory experiments and controlled observations to analyze and explain human behavior. They believe that by studying behavior in a controlled and systematic manner, they can uncover universal principles that govern human conduct and address a wide range of psychological issues. Behavioural psychologists also emphasize the importance of empirical evidence and objective measurements in their studies.
Moreover, behavioural psychology has played a significant role in various applied fields, such as education, therapy, and business. It has led to the development of behavior modification techniques, aiming to promote positive change in individuals' behaviors, as well as improve mental health and well-being.
Overall, behavioural psychology focuses on understanding the relationships between stimuli, behaviors, and their consequences, providing insights into how individuals learn, develop, and interact with their environment.
Etymology of BEHAVIOURAL PSYCHOLOGY
The term "behavioural psychology" is derived from two key components: "behavioural" and "psychology".
The word "behavioural" refers to the study and analysis of observable actions, responses, and conduct of organisms, including humans. It stems from the noun "behavior" which originated from the Middle English word "behavoure" and the Old French word "comportement". Both words share the same Latin root "behavoir", meaning "to conduct oneself" or "to behave". Over time, "behavior" evolved into its current spelling, "behaviour", in British English.
The word "psychology" is derived from the Greek words "psyche", meaning "soul" or "mind", and "logos", meaning "study" or "knowledge". The term first appeared in the late 16th century and originally referred to the study of the mind, soul, or mental processes.
