BABYLONIAN SYSTEM Meaning and
Definition
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The Babylonian system refers to a complex and highly developed set of practices and methods used by the ancient civilization of Babylon, which was centered in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) from approximately 1894 BCE to 539 BCE. It encompasses various aspects, including governance, law, mathematics, astronomy, and literature, which played a crucial role in shaping the society's structure and functioning.
In terms of governance, the Babylonian system was characterized by a centralized authority led by a king who enforced laws and regulations to maintain order and ensure the effective administration of the city-state. This system included a hierarchy of officials and administrators that facilitated the implementation of policies and the collection of taxes.
Mathematically, the Babylonian system is renowned for its development of a sophisticated number system known as the sexagesimal system, based on the number sixty. This numerical system is still used today for measuring time and geometry.
Astronomy also held great importance in the Babylonian system as they meticulously observed and recorded celestial events, creating the first known accurate calendar. Their astronomical knowledge allowed them to predict eclipses and explain planetary motion, aiding navigation and timekeeping.
Literature formed a vital part of the Babylonian system, as it included legends, epics, hymns, and laws engraved on stone tablets known as the Code of Hammurabi. These texts shed light on significant aspects of daily life, religious beliefs, and societal values.
Overall, the Babylonian system represents an advanced and comprehensive organizational framework that influenced subsequent civilizations, particularly in the realms of governance, mathematics, astronomy, and literature.
Etymology of BABYLONIAN SYSTEM
The term "Babylonian system" refers to the socio-economic and political system attributed to the ancient city of Babylon. The word "Babylonian" is derived from "Babylon", which was the capital of the ancient Mesopotamian empire of Babylonia.
The name "Babylon" itself comes from the Akkadian word "Babilu", which may have originally meant "Gate of the God" or "Gateway to the Gods". The Akkadian language was the lingua franca of Mesopotamia during the time of the Babylonian empire.
The Babylonian system is often associated with Babylon's renowned ruler, Hammurabi, who implemented one of the earliest recorded legal codes known as the Code of Hammurabi. This code established a legal framework governing various aspects of life, including trade, taxation, and social relations.
