Autistic Disorder, also referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent challenges in social interaction, communication, and restricted or repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. It is typically diagnosed in early childhood, though its symptoms may become more apparent as children grow and interact with their environment.
Individuals with Autistic Disorder often experience difficulties with social communication and interaction. They may struggle with basic social cues, such as maintaining eye contact, comprehending others' emotions, and engaging in reciprocal conversations. Nonverbal communication, including gestures, facial expressions, and tone of voice, may also pose challenges.
Restricted and repetitive behaviors or interests are common among those with Autistic Disorder. These behaviors might manifest as rigid adherence to routines, stereotypical movements like hand flapping, intense preoccupation with specific objects or topics, or highly specialized and focused interests.
The severity of Autistic Disorder can vary widely, ranging from mild to severe, which greatly affects an individual's ability to function independently in various daily life activities. Some individuals with Autism have sensory sensitivities, experiencing either over or under-sensitivity to certain stimuli, such as loud noises, certain textures, or bright lights.
Though there is currently no known cure for Autistic Disorder, early interventions and therapies, such as applied behavior analysis (ABA), occupational therapy, speech therapy, and social skills training, can help individuals with Autism improve their communication, social interaction, and adaptability skills, and enhance their overall quality of life.
