Amylic alcohol, also known as 1-pentanol, is a colorless liquid used as a solvent and flavoring agent. The spelling of amylic alcohol follows the rules of English phonetics. The first syllable, "am," is pronounced with the short vowel sound /æ/. The second syllable, "yl," is pronounced as a separate syllable with the vowel sound /ɪl/. The final syllable, "ic," is pronounced with the long vowel sound /aɪ/ and the emphasis is on the second syllable. Thus, the IPA transcription of amylic alcohol is /ˈæm.ɪl.aɪk ˈæl.kə.hɒl/.
Amylic alcohol, also known as pentanol, refers to a group of organic compounds consisting of five carbon atoms, hence the prefix "penta." It is a form of alcohol, which means it possesses a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group attached to a hydrocarbon chain. In this case, the hydrocarbon chain contains five carbon atoms.
There are three isomers of amylic alcohol: n-amyl alcohol, isopentyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol. The difference between these isomers lies in the location of the hydroxyl group on the hydrocarbon chain. N-amyl alcohol has the hydroxyl group at the end of the chain, isopentyl alcohol has it attached to the second carbon atom, and isoamyl alcohol to the third carbon atom.
Amylic alcohol is a clear, colorless liquid with a strong, pungent odor. It is flammable and miscible with a variety of organic solvents. Due to its low boiling point, it evaporates readily at room temperature. Amylic alcohol finds applications in various industries, such as the production of synthetic flavors and fragrances, pharmaceutical intermediates, and as a solvent for resins, cellulose esters, and dyes.
In addition to its synthetic uses, amylic alcohol can serve as an industrial intermediate, forming esters and other compounds through reactions with acids or other reagents. Furthermore, it has limited applications as a solvent for certain polymers and resins in coating formulations.
Amyl alcohol, fusel oil.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "amylic alcohol" comes from the combination of two parts: "amylic" and "alcohol".
The term "amylic" refers to the prefix "amylo-" or "amyl-", derived from the Greek word "amylon" meaning "starch". It was introduced to chemistry by Jean-Baptiste Dumas in the 1830s to distinguish compound groups derived from starch. Originally, "amylic" was specifically used to refer to compounds produced from potato starch, but it later came to represent any compound derived from any starch or similar substances.
The word "alcohol" has a different origin. It originates from the Arabic term "al-kuḥl" or "al-ghawl" meaning "fine powder" or "distilled substance". This term was initially used to describe any fine powder or cosmetic powder but evolved over time to refer specifically to distilled substances, including ethanol.