Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML) is a type of cancer that originates in the bone marrow and affects the white blood cells. It is characterized by the rapid growth and accumulation of immature myeloblasts, a type of white blood cell, which then replace the normal blood cells in the bone marrow.
AML is a form of acute leukemia, meaning it progresses rapidly and requires prompt medical attention. It is considered myeloid leukemia because it affects cells that would usually develop into red blood cells, platelets, and certain types of white blood cells.
The symptoms of AML can vary, but commonly include fatigue, shortness of breath, frequent infections, easy bruising or bleeding, and anemia. Other symptoms may include unexplained weight loss, bone or joint pain, enlarged lymph nodes, and skin rashes.
The exact cause of AML is unknown, but certain risk factors have been identified, including exposure to radiation or certain chemicals, genetic abnormalities, and a history of certain blood disorders or chemotherapy treatment. AML can affect people of all ages, but it is more common in older adults.
Treatment for AML typically involves chemotherapy to kill the abnormal cells and allow healthy cells to regenerate. Other treatments may include stem cell transplantation, targeted therapies, and supportive care to manage symptoms and side effects.
The prognosis for AML varies depending on factors such as a person's age, overall health, and response to treatment. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with AML.
