ACUTE MYELITIS Meaning and
Definition
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Acute myelitis, also known as acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the spinal cord, specifically the gray matter. The term "acute" refers to the rapid onset of symptoms, whereas "myelitis" refers to the inflammation of the spinal cord.
Acute myelitis primarily affects the nerves that control voluntary muscle movement, leading to weakness and paralysis, particularly in the arms and legs. It typically presents with sudden muscle weakness, loss of muscle tone, and reflexes in the limbs. Other symptoms may include pain or numbness in the affected areas, difficulty swallowing or speaking, and in some cases, respiratory failure.
The exact cause of acute myelitis is often unknown, but it is believed to be associated with various viral infections, autoimmune disorders, or other environmental triggers. It is primarily diagnosed through physical examination and medical imaging, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to visualize the inflammation or lesions in the spinal cord.
Treatment for acute myelitis aims to manage symptoms and alleviate inflammation, often involving a combination of physical therapy, occupational therapy, pain management, and supportive care. In some cases, medications such as corticosteroids or immunoglobulins may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and modulate the immune response.
It is important to note that acute myelitis is a relatively rare condition, but its incidence has been increasing in recent years, particularly among children. Early recognition and prompt medical attention are crucial for optimal management and outcomes in individuals diagnosed with acute myelitis.
Etymology of ACUTE MYELITIS
The term "Acute myelitis" can be broken down into two parts: "acute" and "myelitis".
- "Acute" comes from the Latin word "acutus" meaning "sharp" or "pointed". In medical terminology, it refers to a condition that has a sudden onset and a relatively short duration.
- "Myelitis" is derived from the Greek word "myelos" meaning "marrow" and the suffix "-itis" denoting "inflammation". Myelitis refers to the inflammation of the spinal cord or bone marrow.
Therefore, "Acute myelitis" refers to the sudden onset of inflammation in the spinal cord or bone marrow.
