Acne keloidalis (pronounced /ˈækni kɛlɔɪˈdeɪlɪs/) is a skin condition that mainly affects men of African or Afro-Caribbean descent. It is also known as folliculitis keloidalis or acne cheloidalis nuchae, and is characterized by small, itchy bumps on the scalp or neck that can develop into larger, raised scars or keloids. The word "acne" is pronounced /ˈækni/ and comes from the Greek word "aknē," meaning "point" or "spot." "Keloidalis" is pronounced /kɛlɔɪˈdeɪlɪs/ and refers to the formation of keloids, which are raised scars that grow beyond the boundaries of an original wound.
Acne Keloidalis is a chronic skin condition characterized by the formation of keloid-like scars on the nape of the neck or the occipital region of the scalp. It primarily affects individuals with tightly coiled hair or curly hair types. This condition usually begins as small, itchy bumps or pimples on the back of the scalp, which can progress to inflamed and pus-filled cysts. Over time, these cysts may develop into keloid-like scars that are raised, firm, and often darkly pigmented.
The exact cause of Acne Keloidalis is still uncertain, but it is thought to arise from the blockage of hair follicles and subsequent inflammatory response due to shaving or excessive rubbing of the affected area. Other contributing factors may include bacterial infections, hormonal imbalances, genetic predisposition, or certain cosmetic products.
Acne Keloidalis is a refractory condition, meaning that it is difficult to treat and often recurs despite medical intervention. Treatment options for this condition generally aim to alleviate symptoms and prevent further scarring. Topical medications such as corticosteroids and antibiotics may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and control bacterial growth. In some cases, surgical removal of the keloid-like scars may be necessary. Additionally, lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding tight hairstyles or using gentle hair care practices, can help manage the condition. Patients with Acne Keloidalis often require long-term management and monitoring to prevent flare-ups and minimize scarring.
The term "acne keloidalis" has a Latin and Greek origin.
The word "acne" comes from the Greek word "aknas", meaning "point" or "peak". It was used in ancient times to refer to various skin conditions characterized by the eruption of small, inflamed lesions, such as acne.
"Keloidalis" is derived from the Latin term "keloides" or "kelis", which itself comes from the Greek word "kēlē" meaning "crab's claw". In medical terminology, "keloid" refers to an abnormal growth of scar tissue that extends beyond the boundaries of the original wound, often resembling a claw-like shape. "Keloidalis" is an adjective form of "keloid", indicating its relationship to keloids.