URINARY CALCULI Meaning and
Definition
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Urinary calculi, also known as kidney stones or renal calculi, refer to hard deposits that form in the kidneys or urinary tract due to the accumulation of dissolved minerals within the urine. These deposits can vary in size, ranging from tiny grains to large stones that can obstruct the urinary tract and cause immense pain. Urinary calculi primarily consist of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate, but other substances like uric acid, struvite, or cystine can also contribute to their formation.
When the concentration of these minerals becomes too high in the urine, they usually crystallize and adhere together to form kidney stones. These stones may stay in the kidneys or travel through the ureters, bladder, and urethra, causing significant discomfort and pain during their passage. Symptoms commonly associated with urinary calculi include severe back or abdominal pain, blood in the urine (hematuria), frequent urination, urinary urgency, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, and a persistent urge to urinate.
The formation of urinary calculi can be influenced by various factors, including dehydration, certain medical conditions like urinary tract infections or gout, a family history of kidney stones, dietary choices (such as a high intake of oxalate-rich foods), and certain medications. Treatment options for urinary calculi range from conservative measures such as increased fluid intake, pain management, and dietary modifications, to more advanced interventions like extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, or surgical removal. Preventive measures involve the adoption of a healthy lifestyle, such as maintaining good hydration, following a balanced diet, and managing any underlying medical conditions that may contribute to the formation of kidney stones.
Common Misspellings for URINARY CALCULI
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Etymology of URINARY CALCULI
The term "Urinary Calculi" is derived from a combination of Latin and Greek roots:
1. "Urinary" is derived from the Latin word "urina", which means urine. It refers to anything related to the urinary tract or urine.
2. "Calculi" is the plural form of the Latin word "calculus", which originally meant a small pebble or stone. In medical terminology, it refers to abnormal solid masses that form in various parts of the body.
Therefore, "Urinary Calculi" refers to abnormal solid masses that develop within the urinary tract, most commonly known as kidney stones.
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