Undulant matris is a medical term used to describe a condition known as undulant fever or brucellosis. It refers to an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, primarily Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis, Brucella abortus, or Brucella canis. This zoonotic infection is transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animals, consumption of contaminated dairy products, or inhalation of aerosols.
The term "undulant matris" signifies the characteristic wave-like or undulating pattern that the fever exhibits, with alternating periods of high and low-grade fever. The clinical presentation includes flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, malaise, and muscle aches, resembling a non-specific febrile illness. As the infection progresses, it may involve multiple organ systems, leading to complications such as endocarditis, arthritis, orchitis, meningitis, and hepatic or splenic abscesses.
Diagnosis of undulant matris involves a combination of clinical evaluation, patient history, and laboratory tests. Blood cultures, serological tests, and molecular techniques aid in the identification of Brucella bacteria or antibodies in the patient's blood, bone marrow, or other body fluids.
Treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics, most commonly doxycycline and rifampin, for a duration of several weeks to months depending on the severity of the infection. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent chronic complications and to ensure complete eradication of the bacteria.
Undulant matris, also referred to as brucellosis, is a significant public health concern in many parts of the world, particularly in areas where livestock is prevalent. Adequate preventive measures, such as vaccination of animals, past
