TRISOMY Meaning and
Definition
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Trisomy is a term used to characterize a genetic disorder that occurs when an individual possesses three copies of a particular chromosome, instead of the usual two copies that are normally present in most cells of the human body. This abnormality arises as a result of a spontaneous error during cell division, typically during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm) or during early embryonic development.
Trisomies are often designated by the particular chromosome involved, followed by the term "trisomy." The most well-known trisomy is trisomy 21, also referred to as Down syndrome, which is characterized by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. Trisomy can occur in any chromosome, but some types, like trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) and trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome), are associated with severe developmental disabilities and are less compatible with life.
Individuals with trisomy typically exhibit a range of physical and intellectual disabilities, with the severity and specific manifestations varying depending on the chromosome involved. Common symptoms may include distinctive facial features, intellectual disability, heart defects, and a variety of organ abnormalities.
Diagnosis of trisomy can often be made through genetic testing, which involves analyzing cells to determine the number and structure of chromosomes. While trisomies cannot be cured, supportive measures such as early intervention, medical management, and specialized care can be implemented to improve the quality of life for individuals affected by trisomy. Additionally, ongoing research is focused on developing potential treatments and therapies for trisomy conditions.
Common Misspellings for TRISOMY
Etymology of TRISOMY
The word "trisomy" is derived from two components: "tri-" and "-somy".
The prefix "tri-" originates from the Greek word "treis", meaning "three". It is commonly used to indicate the number three or a group of three.
The suffix "-somy" is derived from the Greek word "soma", which means "body". In medical terminology, the suffix "-somy" is used to refer to a condition or state involving the presence of an extra or abnormal number of chromosomes in the cells of an organism.
Therefore, when these two components are combined, "trisomy" refers to a condition in which there is an additional copy of a specific chromosome, resulting in a total of three copies instead of the usual pair.
Similar spelling words for TRISOMY
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