Trismus is a medical condition characterized by difficulty or inability to fully open the mouth due to muscle spasm or tightness in the muscles responsible for jaw movement. It is commonly known as lockjaw.
The term "trismus" is derived from the Greek word "trismos" which means grinding or gnashing of teeth. Trismus can be caused by various factors, including trauma, infection, dental procedures, or certain medical conditions such as tetanus. It is often a result of inflammation or damage to the muscles of mastication, specifically the masseter and temporalis muscles.
Symptoms of trismus can vary in severity and may include pain or discomfort in the jaw, difficulty in chewing or speaking, limited jaw movement, and a sense of tightness or tension in the jaw muscles. In severe cases, the mouth may only be able to open a few millimeters or may become completely locked shut.
Treatment for trismus depends on the underlying cause. Non-surgical interventions may include pain management with analgesics, physical therapy exercises, and warm compresses to alleviate muscle stiffness. In some cases, medications such as muscle relaxants or botulinum toxin injections may be prescribed to relieve muscle spasm and promote jaw movement.
If trismus is caused by an infection, appropriate antibiotics may be prescribed. In cases of trauma or structural abnormalities, surgical interventions may be necessary to address the underlying issue and restore proper jaw function.
Overall, trismus is a condition characterized by limited mouth opening due to muscle spasm or tightness, which can be caused by various factors and requires appropriate medical intervention for effective management.
