Trismus refers to a medical condition characterized by limited or restricted opening of the mouth. The term is derived from the Greek word "trismos" which means "jaw stiffness." Trismus can occur as a result of various causes including muscle spasms, inflammation, trauma, or infection.
In trismus, the muscles responsible for jaw movement, particularly the muscles of mastication, become affected, leading to difficulty in opening the mouth. This restriction can vary in severity, ranging from mild discomfort to a complete inability to open the mouth at all.
Trismus can be a symptom of several underlying conditions such as temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ), infections like tetanus, dental abscesses, or tumors affecting the jaw muscles. It can also be a side effect of certain dental procedures, such as tooth extraction or oral surgery.
Symptoms of trismus may include jaw pain, difficulty chewing or speaking, and a noticeable decrease in the ability to open the mouth. Treatment options for trismus depend on the cause and severity of the condition. They may include anti-inflammatory medications, muscle relaxants, physical therapy, or in severe cases, surgical intervention.
In summary, trismus refers to a condition characterized by limited or restricted jaw mobility, resulting from various causes. Its symptoms and treatment options can vary depending on the underlying condition, necessitating proper medical evaluation and intervention.
