Tarsals, also referred to as tarsal bones, are a group of seven articulate bones present in the proximal region of the foot, forming the posterior region of the foot known as the ankle. These bones are essential for providing structural support, stability, and flexibility to the foot, enabling efficient locomotion.
The seven tarsal bones are the talus, calcaneus, cuboid, navicular, and the three cuneiform bones, which include the medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, and lateral cuneiform. They are arranged in a distinct and intricate manner to interact with the metatarsals, forming the arches of the foot for weight distribution and shock absorption.
The talus bone, also known as the ankle bone, is the most superior tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula bones of the lower leg. This bone allows for dorsiflexion and plantarflexion movements. The calcaneus, the largest bone of the tarsus, forms the heel and transmits ground reaction forces during walking and running.
The other tarsal bones play various roles in maintaining foot flexibility and stability, aiding in movements such as inversion, eversion, and abduction. Additionally, these bones serve as attachment sites for numerous ligaments and tendons crucial for maintaining foot and ankle integrity.
Overall, the tarsal bones collectively contribute to the structural composition and functionality of the ankle and foot, playing a vital role in locomotion and weight-bearing activities.
