Struma colloides cystica, also known as a colloid goiter or thyroid cyst, is a medical condition characterized by the formation of cysts filled with thick colloid substance within the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland, located in the front of the neck, produces hormones necessary for the normal functioning of various body processes.
In struma colloides cystica, the thyroid gland undergoes enlargement and develops multiple cysts. These cysts are typically filled with colloid, a viscous substance comprised mainly of thyroglobulin, a protein involved in the production of thyroid hormones. The accumulation of colloid within the cysts gives them a gelatinous appearance.
The exact cause of struma colloides cystica is not well understood. However, it is believed to be a result of an overgrowth of the cells that produce colloid, leading to the formation of cysts within the thyroid tissue. This condition often occurs in individuals who have underlying thyroid diseases, such as goiter or Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune disorder.
Clinically, struma colloides cystica may present as a painless, palpable mass or swelling in the neck. The cysts themselves are generally harmless and do not cause significant functional disturbances in the thyroid gland. However, if the cysts grow larger, they can exert pressure on adjacent structures, leading to symptoms such as difficulty swallowing or breathing.
Treatment for struma colloides cystica may depend on the severity of symptoms and the size of the cysts. In some cases, observation over time may be sufficient if the cysts are small and not causing significant problems. However, if symptoms are interfering with daily life or complications arise, surgical removal of the cysts or even part of the thyroid gland may be necessary. Regular monitoring and follow-up
