Streptogramin Group A refers to a class of antibiotics that belong to the larger family of streptogramins. Specifically, Group A streptogramins are a combination of the two compounds, called dalfopristin and quinupristin. These antibiotics are derived from the fermentation products of certain bacterial strains.
Streptogramin Group A antibiotics possess potent bactericidal properties, meaning they are capable of killing the bacteria. They are primarily active against Gram-positive bacteria, particularly those that are resistant to other classes of antibiotics such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE).
The dual components of streptogramin Group A work synergistically to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Specifically, dalfopristin interferes with the formation of peptide bonds, while quinupristin inhibits the movement of ribosomes along the messenger RNA (mRNA) strands. This combination disrupts protein synthesis, leading to the death of the bacteria.
Streptogramin Group A antibiotics are typically administered intravenously and are often reserved for serious infections that have not responded to other treatment options. Due to their potent activity and relatively narrow spectrum, they are particularly useful in critical care settings where multidrug-resistant Gram-positive infections are prevalent.
While effective, the use of streptogramin Group A antibiotics may be associated with certain side effects such as phlebitis (inflammation of the veins), injection site reactions, and digestive disorders. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance to streptogramin antibiotics has prompted the development of more targeted alternatives.
