Stomatomycosis, also known as oral thrush or oral candidiasis, is a fungal infection that affects the mouth, particularly the mucous membranes lining the oral cavity. It is primarily caused by an overgrowth of Candida fungus, most commonly Candida albicans, which is naturally present in the mouth in small amounts. However, certain factors can disrupt the natural balance of microorganisms in the mouth, leading to an overgrowth of this fungus and the development of stomatomycosis.
The condition is characterized by the presence of white or yellowish patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, gums, or roof of the mouth. These patches may be accompanied by redness, soreness, burning sensation, and difficulty in eating or swallowing. In severe cases, the infection can spread to the throat or esophagus, leading to additional symptoms such as pain, difficulty in speaking, and a persistent cough.
Stomatomycosis is more common in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, or individuals using immunosuppressive medications. Other risk factors include wearing dentures, poor oral hygiene, smoking, diabetes, and a weakened immune system due to chronic illnesses.
Treatment for stomatomycosis generally involves antifungal medications, such as topical creams or oral tablets, which help to eliminate the causative fungus. Additionally, maintaining good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, and keeping dentures clean, can help prevent the occurrence and recurrence of stomatomycosis.
