Shiite refers to a branch or sect within Islam, predominantly followed by the Shia Muslims. The term "Shiite" originates from the Arabic word "Shi'a" meaning "partisans" or "followers." The Shiites constitute the second-largest branch of Islam, constituting 10-15% of the global Muslim population.
Shiites emerged as a distinct sect after the death of Prophet Muhammad in the 7th century. They believe in the leadership and succession of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the cousin and son-in-law of Prophet Muhammad, as the rightful spiritual and political successor. They reject the leadership of the first three caliphs who succeeded the Prophet and consider Ali and his descendants, known as Imams, as divinely chosen guides and interpreters of Islamic teachings.
Shiite beliefs go beyond Sunni Islam, the other major branch, in terms of religious authority and interpretation. They believe in the concept of Imamate, where the Imams possess spiritual and infallible knowledge, leading the community both religiously and politically. This distinguishes them from Sunnis who regard Imams as religious scholars or leaders but without divinely bestowed authority.
Throughout history, Shiites have faced persecution and discrimination in some predominantly Sunni regions. Despite this, they have developed rich religious practices, jurisprudence, and rituals, including observing mourning rituals during the month of Muharram, commemorating the martyrdom of Imam Hussain, one of the most revered Imams.
It is important to note that "Shiite" should be used as an adjective for individuals or groups following the Shia branch of Islam, and using it as a noun to refer to people can be considered disrespectful or derogatory.
