Shiites, also known as "Shia Muslims" or "Shi'a" (singular: Shia), refer to one of the two main branches of Islam, the other being Sunni. The term "Shiite" derives from "Shia," which means "partisans" or "followers" of Ali, the cousin and son-in-law of Prophet Muhammad. Shiite Muslims adhere to the teachings and jurisprudence of Ali and his descendants, known as Imams, who they believe have rightful divine authority and leadership over the Muslim community.
Shiites make up a significant minority within the Muslim population, with their highest concentration in countries such as Iran, Iraq, Azerbaijan, and Bahrain. They follow distinct religious beliefs, rituals, and practices compared to Sunnis. These differences include a more hierarchical religious leadership structure, veneration of their Imams, religious commemoration of significant historical events, and unique interpretations of Islamic law.
Shiite Muslims hold Ali in particularly high regard, considering him the rightful successor to Prophet Muhammad, denied his rightful position by the early Muslim community. They maintain that the Imams possess divine knowledge and spiritual guidance, which they believe is essential in interpreting the Qur'an and the teachings of the Prophet. This belief in the theological and political authority of the Imams has shaped and influenced the religious, cultural, and political landscape in regions where Shiite Islam is prevalent.
While some tensions have historically existed between the Shia and Sunni branches of Islam, it is important to note that both share a core belief in the teachings of the Qur'an and the prophethood of Muhammad. These differences, while significant within Islamic theology and practice, do not define the entirety of the relationship between the two branches, which often encompasses cooperation, coexistence, and mutual respect.
