The correct spelling of the word "Shiism" is often a point of confusion. It is pronounced ʃiːˌɪzəm and spelled with two "i" vowels due to its Arabic origin, where the word is written with the letter "ʿayn" (ʿ), which is usually transliterated into an "i" in English. Shiism refers to the branch of Islam that follows the teachings of Ali, the cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Mohammed. With the correct spelling and pronunciation, communication about this fundamental part of Islamic faith can be clear and accurate.
Shiism is a branch of Islam that originated from a disagreement over the rightful successors to Prophet Muhammad. It is followed by the Shia Muslims, who comprise around 10-15% of the Muslim population. The term "Shiism" comes from the Arabic word "Shi'a," which means "partisan" or "follower."
Shiism focuses on the belief in the Imamate, which designates specific individuals as the rightful leaders and successors to Prophet Muhammad. Shias believe that after Muhammad's death, the leadership should have passed to his cousin and son-in-law, Ali ibn Abi Talib, and then to a line of his descendants known as the Imams. The Imams possess unique spiritual and political authority, and their teachings and guidance are considered crucial in understanding the true interpretation of Islam.
The rituals and practices of Shiism differ in some aspects from the other major branch of Islam, Sunni Islam. Shias often commemorate important events in the life of Imam Ali and the other Imams through various ceremonies and processions. They also have distinct prayers, customs, and theological beliefs, such as an emphasis on martyrdom and the concept of intercession by Imams.
Shiism has had a significant influence on the history, culture, and politics of the regions where it is predominant, such as Iran, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, and Lebanon. In some countries, it has led to sectarian tensions and conflicts with Sunni Muslims. However, the majority of Shias live peacefully alongside their Sunni counterparts and contribute to the diverse tapestry of the Muslim world.
The word "Shiism" is derived from the term "Shia", which refers to the followers of a particular branch of Islam known as Shia Islam or Shiite Islam. The term "Shia" itself comes from the Arabic word "Shīʿa", which means "partisans" or "followers". In the context of Islam, it specifically denotes the followers who believe in the leadership and succession of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad, as the rightful successor to the Prophet. Over time, the term "Shia" has evolved into "Shiism", referring to the religious and political doctrines and practices associated with Shia Islam.