Samhita is a term derived from Sanskrit, an ancient Indo-Aryan language. In Hinduism, it refers to a particular type of Vedic scripture or text. The word "samhita" can be translated as "collection" or "compilation."
A samhita is considered to be one of the four main categories of Vedic literature, along with Brahmanas, Aranyakas, and Upanishads. It is believed to have been composed between 1500 BCE to 500 BCE.
A samhita typically contains a collection of hymns, chants, prayers, and rituals. It serves as a sacred scripture for those who practice the Vedic traditions. These texts are composed in Vedic Sanskrit and are considered to be divinely revealed to Rishis (seers) through direct intuition or inspiration.
Each samhita is associated with a specific ancient seer or Rishi. Some of the well-known samhitas include the Rig Veda Samhita, the Yajur Veda Samhita, the Sama Veda Samhita, and the Atharva Veda Samhita. Each samhita may consist of multiple sections called "mandalas" or books.
Samhitas not only contain religious and spiritual teachings but also encompass knowledge on various subjects, including cosmology, astronomy, astrology, rituals, sacrifices, healing practices, and social customs. These texts are considered foundational to the understanding of Hinduism and provide insights into the ancient cultural, philosophical, and religious traditions of the Indian subcontinent. The samhitas remain an essential part of the Hindu tradition, where they serve as a source of guidance, wisdom, and spiritual connection for millions of followers.
