Rachitis fetalis annularis is a medical condition that primarily affects infants and young children, characterized by the abnormal growth and development of bones, resulting in skeletal abnormalities. "Rachitis" refers to rickets, a disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate, leading to poor bone mineralization.
The term "fetalis" signifies that the condition is present from birth or even during fetal development. It suggests that the skeletal abnormalities associated with rachitis fetalis annularis begin to manifest or were already present before birth.
The word "annularis" refers to the circular or ring-shaped appearance of the skeletal abnormalities observed in affected individuals. It describes the distinct pattern of bone deformities that are typically seen in rachitis fetalis annularis.
These skeletal deformities often include bowing of the long bones, which leads to an abnormal curvature and a circular appearance. The disorder may also cause malformation of the ribs, spine, and skull. Additionally, individuals with rachitis fetalis annularis may experience muscle weakness, delayed motor development, and impaired growth.
The condition is typically caused by a combination of genetic factors and nutritional deficiencies, particularly vitamin D deficiency. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause by providing appropriate supplementation of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to correct skeletal deformities and improve mobility.
Overall, rachitis fetalis annularis can be defined as a congenital skeletal disorder characterized by abnormal circular bone deformities, typically caused by vitamin D deficiency, and often present from birth or during fetal development.
