Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) is a highly contagious viral infection that affects rabbits and causes severe haemorrhaging, leading to high mortality rates. It belongs to the calicivirus family and is specifically classified as a lagovirus. RHDV can be found in different strains across the world, with the most common known as RHDV-2.
The virus spreads primarily through direct contact between infected and healthy rabbits, as well as through contaminated objects, insects, birds, and even humans. It primarily targets the rabbit's liver, leading to liver damage and bleeding disorders. The symptoms may vary, including lethargy, fever, loss of appetite, respiratory distress, and sudden death. However, rabbits may also die without exhibiting any visible symptoms.
RHDV poses a significant threat to both domestic and wild populations of rabbits, hares, and pikas, and can cause high mortality rates in affected areas. It is known for its ability to quickly spread and cause epidemics, potentially devastating rabbit populations in certain regions. Due to its highly contagious nature, strict biosecurity measures are necessary to prevent its spread, such as quarantining, disinfection protocols, and restrictions on movement.
Efforts to control the disease include vaccination programs, as well as improving hygiene practices and minimizing contact between infected and non-infected rabbits. As RHDV strains may evolve and develop resistance to vaccines, ongoing research and updated prevention strategies are crucial to effectively manage this viral infection and mitigate its impact on rabbit populations worldwide.
