Pronunciation: [pˈʌŋktəm] (IPA) 
The word "punctum" is derived from Latin and refers to a small dot or point. The spelling of this word is straightforward, as it follows the rules of Latin pronunciation. In IPA phonetic transcription, the word is pronounced as /ˈpʊŋ.ktəm/. The stress falls on the first syllable, and the "u" is short. The "c" is pronounced as /k/, and the "t" is pronounced as /t/. The final "m" is a silent letter.
Punctum is a Latin word that has various meanings depending on the context. In general, it is used to refer to a point, spot, mark, or moment of significance. In literature and linguistics, punctum is often associated with the concept of punctuated equilibrium, referring to a sudden and significant change or event that disrupts a state of equilibrium or stability. In this sense, punctum represents a pivotal moment or turning point in a narrative or discourse.
In the field of photography, punctum is a term introduced by French philosopher Roland Barthes to describe an element within a photograph that catches the viewer's attention and creates a personal emotional impact. It is that specific detail or feature in an image that resonates with the observer, evoking an emotional reaction or memory. Unlike the studium, which refers to the generality or overall message of a photograph, the punctum is a subjective and individual response. It is highly personal, unique to each viewer, and cannot be controlled or predicted by the photographer.
In music theory, punctum can refer to a distinct short note or a small melodic gesture that stands out within a musical phrase or composition. It is a momentary accentuation or emphasis that draws attention and creates an expressive effect. This use of punctum in music is similar to its concept in photography, where it represents a focal point that captures and engages the senses.
Overall, the term punctum encompasses the idea of a point or moment of significance, impact, or intensity, whether in literature, photography, or music. Its meaning is contextual and dependent on the specific field or discipline in which it is used.
A point the tip of a sharp process; a minute round spot differing in color or otherwise in appearance from the surrounding tissues.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word punctum derives from Latin. It is the past participle of the verb pungere, which means to prick or to sting. In Latin, punctum originally referred to a point, spot, or tiny hole made by pricking or piercing. It eventually expanded in meaning to include other concepts like a small mark, a dot, or a moment in time. The term gained significance within photography and is famously associated with Roland Barthes' concept of the punctum in his book Camera Lucida.
