POLYADENYLATE POLYMERASE Meaning and
Definition
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Polyadenylate polymerase is an enzyme responsible for adding a sequence of adenine nucleotides, known as a poly(A) tail, to the 3' end of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. This enzyme is essential for the modification of pre-mRNA and for determining the stability and efficiency of mRNA molecules.
Polyadenylation, the process of adding a poly(A) tail, is crucial for mRNA processing and contributes to the regulation of gene expression. The addition of the poly(A) tail is executed by polyadenylate polymerase, which recognizes a specific sequence on the mRNA called the polyadenylation signal. Once the polyadenylation signal is identified, the enzyme begins adding multiple adenosine residues, resulting in a tail of approximately 200-250 nucleotides in mammalian cells.
The poly(A) tail plays various roles in mRNA function, including protection against degradation, facilitation of nuclear export, and enhancement of translation and stability. Polyadenylate polymerase ensures the proper length and integrity of the poly(A) tail, thus influencing the fate of the mRNA molecule.
Polyadenylate polymerase is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where it interacts with other proteins involved in mRNA processing. Mutations or dysregulation of this enzyme can lead to abnormal mRNA processing and have been implicated in various diseases and disorders, including cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, and infertility.
In summary, polyadenylate polymerase is an enzyme responsible for the addition of a poly(A) tail to mRNA molecules, and it plays a crucial role in mRNA processing, stability, and gene expression regulation.
Common Misspellings for POLYADENYLATE POLYMERASE
- oolyadenylate polymerase
- lolyadenylate polymerase
- -olyadenylate polymerase
- 0olyadenylate polymerase
- pilyadenylate polymerase
- pklyadenylate polymerase
- pllyadenylate polymerase
- pplyadenylate polymerase
- p0lyadenylate polymerase
- p9lyadenylate polymerase
- pokyadenylate polymerase
- popyadenylate polymerase
- pooyadenylate polymerase
- poltadenylate polymerase
- polgadenylate polymerase
- polhadenylate polymerase
- poluadenylate polymerase
- pol7adenylate polymerase
- pol6adenylate polymerase
- polyzdenylate polymerase
Etymology of POLYADENYLATE POLYMERASE
The word "Polyadenylate Polymerase" can be broken down into two parts: "polyadenylate" and "polymerase".
The term "polyadenylate" is derived from two components: "poly-" and "adenylate". "Poly-" comes from the Greek word "polus", meaning "many" or "much", and denotes the idea of abundance or multiplicity. "Adenylate" refers to a compound called adenylic acid, which is a nucleotide involved in DNA and RNA synthesis, consisting of adenine, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group. Therefore, "polyadenylate" refers to multiple adenylic acid units or chains.
The word "polymerase" originates from the combination of "poly-" and "merase".
