The pleural space is the area between the pleura, the two thin layers of tissue that line and protect the lungs. The spelling of this word is determined by its phonetic transcription, which is /ˈplʊərəl speɪs/. The first syllable "plu" is pronounced with a "u" sound similar to "put," followed by the "er" sound in "her." The second syllable "al" is pronounced with a short "a" as in "apple," and the final syllable "space" is pronounced as it appears.
The pleural space, also known as the pleural cavity, is the anatomical region of the body located between the two pleural layers that surround the lungs. This space is a thin, fluid-filled cavity that exists between the visceral pleura (the membrane that covers the surface of the lungs) and the parietal pleura (the membrane that lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity).
The primary function of the pleural space is to maintain the mechanics of breathing. It acts as a lubricated protective layer that helps reduce friction between the lungs and the chest wall during respiratory movements. The fluid present in this space also helps to provide a cohesive fluid seal, allowing the lungs to expand and contract smoothly during breathing.
The pleural space is normally a potential space, which means that under normal circumstances, it contains only a minimal amount of fluid necessary for lubrication. However, in certain pathological conditions, such as pleural effusion, excess fluid may accumulate within the pleural space, causing potential complications and impairing lung function. In some instances, air may also enter the pleural space, resulting in conditions like pneumothorax.
Understanding the anatomy and function of the pleural space is crucial for diagnosing and managing various respiratory disorders. Through techniques like thoracentesis or chest tube insertion, healthcare professionals can access the pleural space to drain excess fluid or air, relieve symptoms, and potentially restore normal respiratory function.
The word "pleural" originates from the Latin word "pleura", which means "rib" or "side". It is derived from the Greek word "pleura", which has a similar meaning.
The term "space" comes from the Old French word "espace", which can be traced back to the Latin word "spatium", meaning "room" or "area".
Therefore, "pleural space" refers to the area or cavity between the pleural membranes that surround the lungs, which relates to its anatomical location near the ribs or sides of the body.