Platinum, symbol Pt, is a precious metal from the platinum group elements (PGE). It is a lustrous, silver-white metallic element that is highly resistant to corrosion, tarnishing, and wear. Platinum is one of the densest precious metals and has remarkable durability, making it a highly valued and sought-after material.
The word "platinum" is derived from the Spanish word "platina," meaning "little silver." It was first encountered by European explorers in the 16th century in South America. Platinum is known for its exceptional qualities and is often associated with luxury and wealth.
Due to its excellent resistance to heat, acids, and oxidation, platinum finds extensive use across a wide range of applications. It serves as a catalyst in various chemical reactions, particularly in the automotive and petrochemical industries. Additionally, it is utilized in the manufacturing of laboratory equipment, electrical contacts, and jewelry.
Platinum is also a vital component in the field of medicine, playing a crucial role in numerous medical devices such as pacemakers, stents, and dental fixtures. Furthermore, platinum-based drugs have been developed for cancer treatment, exhibiting significant effectiveness.
Given its rarity, high demand, and wide-ranging applications, platinum holds significant economic value. It is often traded as a commodity on global markets and is considered a reliable investment. The measurement of purity and quality in platinum is denoted by the term "fineness," with 1,000 parts representing pure platinum. In jewelry, platinum is commonly alloyed with other metals like iridium or ruthenium to enhance its durability and robustness.
