Pituitary Mammotropic Hormone, also known as Prolactin, is a peptide hormone secreted by specialized cells in the anterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in the growth, development, and regulation of various physiological processes in vertebrates.
The primary function of the Pituitary Mammotropic Hormone is to stimulate the mammary glands in mammals to produce milk and initiate lactation after childbirth or nursing. However, its influence extends beyond lactation and has effects on multiple organ systems. It is involved in the regulation of the reproductive system, immune function, metabolism, behavior, and water balance.
The secretion of this hormone is controlled by the hypothalamus, which releases dopamine to inhibit its release and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) to stimulate its secretion. It follows a diurnal rhythm, with higher levels typically observed during sleep and rapidly declining upon waking.
Disruptions in the Pituitary Mammotropic Hormone levels can have various consequences. Hyperprolactinemia, which is characterized by elevated levels of prolactin in the blood, can lead to abnormal lactation, infertility, and irregular menstrual cycles in women. On the other hand, reduced levels of the hormone can impair lactation, leading to insufficient milk production.
In conclusion, Pituitary Mammotropic Hormone or Prolactin is an essential hormone that plays a pivotal role in regulating lactation, reproductive function, and other physiological processes in mammals.
