Photosensitive contact dermatitis is a type of allergic skin reaction that occurs when the skin comes into contact with certain substances and is then exposed to sunlight. It is a specific form of contact dermatitis that is triggered by the combination of exposure to certain chemicals and ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight.
The condition typically results in redness, itching, and blisters on the areas of the skin that were exposed to the triggering substance and sunlight. The reaction may occur within a few hours or it may take up to a few days to develop. It commonly affects areas of the body that are frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, neck, and arms.
Common triggers for photosensitive contact dermatitis include certain chemicals found in cosmetics, fragrances, sunscreen ingredients, and plants like citrus fruits. These substances contain light-sensitive compounds called photosensitizers, which react with UV radiation and trigger an immune response in the skin, leading to the characteristic rash.
Treatment for photosensitive contact dermatitis usually involves avoiding exposure to the triggering substances and protecting the skin from UV radiation. This may include wearing protective clothing, using broad-spectrum sunscreen, and seeking shade during peak sunlight hours. Topical corticosteroids and antihistamines may also be prescribed to alleviate symptoms and reduce inflammation.
It is important to note that photosensitive contact dermatitis is different from regular contact dermatitis, as it specifically requires exposure to sunlight to trigger a reaction.
