Phlegmon is a medical term that refers to a type of deep tissue infection characterized by the presence of localized inflammation and the formation of an abscess or purulent collection of pus. It typically occurs as a result of bacterial infection, often beginning as a cellulitis (bacterial skin infection) that progresses into the deeper layers of the skin and underlying tissues.
The term "phlegmon" is derived from the Greek word "phlegma," meaning inflammation. The condition is commonly observed in various parts of the body, including the limbs, head and neck, perianal region, and intra-abdominal tissues. It can be caused by a wide range of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species.
Phlegmon often presents with symptoms such as redness, warmth, swelling, and severe pain at the affected site. As infection progresses, the area may become firm, tender, and fluctuant due to the accumulation of pus. It can be diagnosed through physical examination, clinical history, and imaging techniques, such as ultrasound or computed tomography.
Treatment for phlegmon typically involves a combination of surgical intervention and antibiotic therapy. The abscess is often drained, either through incision and drainage or the use of percutaneous procedures, to remove the accumulated pus. Antibiotics are prescribed to combat the underlying infection. In severe cases, hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics may be required.
Prompt and appropriate treatment of phlegmon is essential to prevent complications, such as spread of infection, septicemia (bloodstream infection), and tissue damage. With proper medical attention, most cases of phlegmon can be successfully treated, allowing the affected tissues to heal and preventing further complications.
