Periodontal resorption is a dental issue in which the supporting tissue of a tooth becomes progressively eroded. The spelling of the word is defined by the international phonetic alphabet (IPA) as pɪərɪədɒntəl rɪˈzɔːpʃən. The word 'periodontal' is spelled with a silent 'o' and 't', while 'resorption' ends with the sound 'shun'—a common pattern in scientific vocabulary. Periodontal resorption can lead to tooth loss if not treated properly, so regular checkups with a dentist are highly recommended.
Periodontal resorption is a pathological process that occurs in the periodontium, which includes the tissues that support and surround the teeth. It refers to the loss or destruction of the hard and soft tissues of the periodontium, particularly the root surface of the tooth.
This condition is typically characterized by the gradual breakdown and destruction of the tooth's supporting structures, including the cementum, dentin, and surrounding bone. It is commonly caused by chronic inflammation and infection, such as periodontal disease or excessive orthodontic forces, which can trigger an immune response that leads to resorption.
Periodontal resorption can manifest in two main forms: external and internal. External resorption occurs when the tooth's external surface, usually the root, is resorbed by cells originating from the periodontal ligament or bone. Internal resorption, on the other hand, affects the internal structure of the tooth, specifically the pulp chamber and root canals.
The consequences of periodontal resorption can vary depending on the extent and location of the resorptive process. Common signs and symptoms may include tooth sensitivity, mobility, shifting or malalignment of teeth, root exposure, and eventual tooth loss if left untreated.
Treatment options for periodontal resorption often involve addressing the underlying cause, such as treating periodontal disease or removing excessive orthodontic forces. Depending on the severity, interventions may include periodontal therapy, root canal treatment, restorative procedures, or tooth extraction and replacement with dental implants or prostheses. Regular dental examinations and maintaining good oral hygiene practices are essential for early detection and effective management of periodontal resorption.
The word "periodontal" is derived from the Greek words "peri" meaning "around" and "odont" meaning "tooth". These elements combined refer to the tissues and structures that surround and support the teeth.
The term "resorption" on the other hand, comes from the Latin word "resorbus" meaning "to draw back or suck in". Resorption refers to a process in which a tissue is broken down and absorbed back into the body.
Therefore, the term "periodontal resorption" combines these two etymological roots to describe a condition where there is the breakdown and absorption of the supporting structures around the tooth, primarily referring to the loss of root surface or bone in the periodontium.