PERGAMON ALTAR Meaning and
Definition
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The Pergamon Altar, also known as the Altar of Zeus at Pergamon, is an ancient structure dating back to the Hellenistic period. It is an immense and monumental altar dedicated to Zeus, the king of the Greek gods.
The Pergamon Altar is located in the ancient city of Pergamon, in what is modern-day Turkey. It was constructed during the reign of King Eumenes II, between 197 and 159 BCE. The altar is known for its impressive artistic and architectural features, making it one of the most famous ancient Greek structures still in existence today.
The altar consists of a grand staircase leading to a large platform, adorned with intricate friezes and sculptures depicting various mythological scenes and battles. The most prominent frieze portrays the Gigantomachy, a legendary battle between the gods and the giants, showcasing exceptional detail and dynamic composition.
Standing at approximately 35 feet high, the Pergamon Altar was originally dedicated to Zeus but later repurposed for the worship of various deities. It served as the centerpiece of Pergamon's sanctuary complex and exemplified the city's grandeur and cultural significance.
Despite being largely dismantled and relocated to the Pergamon Museum in Berlin, Germany during the early 20th century, the Pergamon Altar remains an iconic symbol of Greek art and architecture. It continues to fascinate scholars, archaeologists, and visitors alike, offering a glimpse into the artistic achievements and religious practices of the ancient world.
Etymology of PERGAMON ALTAR
The word "Pergamon" is derived from the ancient Greek city of Pergamon (also known as Pergamum or Pergamos), which was located in modern-day Turkey. The city thrived during the Hellenistic period and was renowned for its cultural, scholarly, and artistic achievements. The "Pergamon Altar" specifically refers to an ancient monumental altar discovered in Pergamon.
The term "altar" comes from the Latin word "altāre", which is believed to have originated from the verb "adolēre", meaning "to burn". Altars have been used throughout history in various cultures and religions as a sacred structure or platform used for offering sacrifices, performing rituals, or conducting religious ceremonies.
