Pronunciation: [pˈanmaks] (IPA) 
The spelling of the word "PANMAX" can be explained using IPA phonetic transcription as follows: /pænmæks/. The first syllable is represented by the phoneme /p/, followed by the vowel sound /æ/. The consonant blend /nm/ is in the second syllable, followed by the vowel sound /æ/ again. The final syllable ends with the voiceless consonant sound /ks/. Overall, the spelling of "PANMAX" accurately represents its pronunciation in English.
PANMAX stands for "Panamax," which is a term used in the shipping industry to describe the maximum size of vessels that can pass through the Panama Canal. It refers to the maximum dimensions that a vessel can have to successfully navigate the locks and channels of the Panama Canal without any restrictions.
The Panamax size has been a standard in the shipping industry since the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914. The canal has locks that allow the passage of ships of limited size due to the width and depth constraints of the waterway. Therefore, Panamax vessels are specifically designed to fit these limitations.
The Panamax dimensions include a maximum length of around 294 meters (965 feet), a maximum width of approximately 32.31 meters (106 feet), and a draft limit of about 12.04 meters (39.5 feet). These measurements ensure that the vessels can fit comfortably within the locks without any obstructions or potential damage.
Panamax vessels are crucial for international trade, as their size is optimized to carry cargo efficiently while still complying with the Panama Canal's restrictions. They form a significant portion of the global fleet, particularly for transporting commodities like coal, grain, oil, and various bulk goods.
With the recent expansion of the Panama Canal, known as the Third Set of Locks Project, larger vessels known as New Panamax or Neopanamax can now pass through, surpassing the previous Panamax size. However, the term Panamax is still widely used to refer to vessels that adhere to the original size restrictions imposed by the Panama Canal.
