OXYPROLINE Meaning and
Definition
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Oxyproline, also known as 4-hydroxyproline, is a non-standard amino acid that is derived from the amino acid proline. It is characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the carbon atom in the fourth position of the proline molecule. This unique structural modification gives oxyproline distinct biochemical properties and functions.
In biological systems, oxyproline plays a crucial role in the synthesis and stabilization of collagen, a major component of connective tissues such as cartilage, tendons, and skin. It is responsible for conferring strength and flexibility to these tissues. Oxyproline residues are essential for the proper triple-helical structure formation of collagen molecules, as they form hydrogen bonds with adjacent proline residues. This interaction contributes to the overall stability and tensile strength of collagen fibers.
Furthermore, oxyproline serves as a crucial component in collagen turnover and remodeling processes. It is synthesized through the hydroxylation of proline residues by specific enzymes known as prolyl hydroxylases. Deficiencies in these enzymes can lead to disorders such as scurvy, where impaired collagen synthesis results in weakened connective tissues.
Beyond its role in collagen, oxyproline can also act as a signaling molecule that affects various cellular processes. It has been implicated in the regulation of gene expression, cell growth, and immune responses.
In summary, oxyproline is a modified amino acid that plays a fundamental role in collagen synthesis, stability, and tissue integrity. Its unique structure and properties make it essential for the maintenance of healthy connective tissues throughout the human body.
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An acid, C5H9NO3, obtained by the hydrolysis of casein and of gelatin, occurring in the form of colorless plates.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
Common Misspellings for OXYPROLINE
- ixyproline
- kxyproline
- lxyproline
- pxyproline
- 0xyproline
- 9xyproline
- ozyproline
- ocyproline
- odyproline
- osyproline
- oxtproline
- oxgproline
- oxhproline
- oxuproline
- ox7proline
- ox6proline
- oxyoroline
- oxylroline
- oxy-roline
- oxy0roline
Etymology of OXYPROLINE
The word "Oxyproline" is derived from two main components: "Oxy-" and "proline".
1. "Oxy-" is a prefix in chemistry that indicates the presence of oxygen. It comes from the Greek word "oxys", meaning "sharp" or "acid".
2. "Proline" is an amino acid that is an essential component of proteins. It comes from the Greek word "pro" (before) and "linos" (line or thread), referring to its role in protein structure formation.
When combined, "Oxyproline" refers to a derivative of the amino acid proline, where it has undergone oxidation and contains an additional oxygen atom. This term is commonly used in biochemistry to identify a specific amino acid modification.
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