Ovarian interstitial cells, also known as theca cells or interstitial gland cells, are specialized cells that are found in the interstitial tissue of the ovary. These cells play a crucial role in the functioning of the ovaries and are primarily responsible for the production of hormones, specifically androgens.
The ovarian interstitial cells are located in the outer layer of the ovary, between the ovarian follicles and stroma. They are primarily responsible for the secretion of androgens, such as testosterone, which are essential for the maturation of ovarian follicles and the production of estrogen. These androgens are converted into estrogen by the neighboring granulosa cells within the ovarian follicles.
The ovarian interstitial cells are under the control of the luteinizing hormone (LH), which is secreted by the pituitary gland. LH stimulates the interstitial cells to produce androgens, which are then released into the bloodstream. These androgens are transported to the granulosa cells, where they are converted into estrogen.
Imbalances in ovarian interstitial cell function can lead to various reproductive disorders. For example, if these cells become overactive, it can result in excessive production of androgens, leading to conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). On the other hand, if there is a decrease in interstitial cell activity, it can cause hormonal imbalances, leading to menstrual irregularities and infertility.
In summary, ovarian interstitial cells are specialized cells found in the ovary that produce androgens crucial for the maturation of ovarian follicles and the production of estrogen. They play a vital role in maintaining reproductive health and functioning.
