Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) is a medical condition that occurs as a result of excessive stimulation of the ovaries. It commonly happens during fertility treatments, specifically in assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization (IVF).
OHSS is characterized by the enlargement of the ovaries, which leads to the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen and sometimes in the chest. This can cause discomfort, pain, and bloating in the abdominal region. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, and weight gain due to the accumulation of fluid. Severe cases of OHSS can lead to complications such as blood clots, kidney problems, or even ovarian torsion, which is the twisting of the ovaries.
The excessive stimulation of the ovaries occurs due to the administration of hormonal medications, mainly follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), to induce the development of multiple eggs rather than the usual single egg during a menstrual cycle. This increased production and enlargement of the follicles can result in the leakage of fluid into the abdominal cavity, leading to OHSS.
The severity of OHSS can vary from mild to moderate or severe. Mild cases may resolve on their own with rest and symptomatic treatment, while severe cases require medical intervention, including hospitalization and close monitoring. In some instances, the fertility treatment cycle may need to be discontinued to prevent further complications.
In conclusion, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a condition that arises due to the overstimulation of the ovaries, typically during fertility treatments like IVF, resulting in the enlargement of the ovaries and fluid accumulation in the abdomen.
