Oral ulcers, also known as mouth ulcers or canker sores, refer to painful lesions or sores that develop within the oral cavity. They often appear as small, round or oval-shaped, shallow open sores on the lining of the mouth or on the tongue. These ulcers can range in size, typically ranging from a few millimeters to a centimeter in diameter.
Oral ulcers can be caused by various factors, such as trauma or injury to the mouth, viral or bacterial infections, immune system abnormalities, hormonal changes, nutritional deficiencies, or certain underlying health conditions.
Symptoms of oral ulcers may include pain or discomfort while eating or speaking, difficulty in cleaning teeth, heightened sensitivity to spicy or acidic foods, irritation or inflammation surrounding the ulcers, and occasional bleeding. In some cases, individuals may experience fever or swollen lymph nodes alongside oral ulcers.
Treatment for oral ulcers is aimed at alleviating the pain, promoting healing, and preventing further complications. This may involve over-the-counter or prescription medications, such as topical numbing agents, mouth rinses, or corticosteroids. Additionally, maintaining good oral hygiene practices and avoiding triggers, such as certain foods, can help manage oral ulcers.
While oral ulcers typically resolve within 1 to 2 weeks on their own, if the ulcers persist, worsen in size or number, or are accompanied by severe symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment.
