Naja naja, commonly known as the Indian cobra, is a venomous snake species belonging to the family Elapidae. Found predominantly in the Indian subcontinent, the snake is renowned for its distinctive appearance and highly potent venom.
The Indian cobra typically measures 4-5 feet in length, with some individuals growing up to 7 feet. Its body is sleek, slender, and cylindrical, featuring a combination of black and brown scales. The snake possesses a distinct hood, which it flares when threatened or agitated, displaying a mark resembling spectacles or eye-shaped patterns on the back of its head. This unique feature is responsible for the snake's colloquial name, "spectacled cobra."
Naja naja is highly venomous, producing a potent neurotoxin that affects the central nervous system of its prey. The venom is delivered through hollow fangs located at the front of its jaws. Although bites from Indian cobras can be fatal if left untreated, they are typically non-aggressive and will only strike when provoked or threatened.
In terms of habitat, Naja naja is versatile, adapting to a wide range of environments, including rural regions, suburban areas, and even densely populated cities. It can thrive in agricultural fields, forests, swamps, and deserts, making it an adaptable and resilient species.
Due to its notoriety, the Indian cobra has considerable cultural and religious significance in the Indian subcontinent. It features prominently in Indian mythology, folklore, and rituals, often regarded as both a symbol of divinity and danger.
Overall, Naja naja is an iconic snake species in its native range, possessing remarkable physical features, potent venom, and deep-rooted cultural importance.
