Mesosperm refers to a physiological condition or anatomical structure found in certain organisms, particularly plants. The term "meso-" is derived from the Greek word meaning "middle" or "in the middle." In the context of biology, it typically denotes something that is intermediate or in between.
In plants, mesosperm specifically refers to the middle layer or region of the seed. Seeds are the reproductive structures produced by plants, containing the embryo and stored nutrients for its development. The seed is typically composed of three main regions: the outer coat or seed coat, the endosperm, and the embryo.
The mesosperm, also known as the middle layer, is the intermediate region situated between the outer seed coat and the inner endosperm. Its primary function is to provide nourishment and support to the developing embryo. It serves as a storage tissue for nutrients like proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, which are essential for the embryo's growth and development.
The composition and structure of the mesosperm can vary across different plant species. For example, in certain gymnosperms, it may consist of polygonal or elongated cells filled with starch and other nutrient reserves. In angiosperms, on the other hand, the mesosperm is usually absent or reduced, with the endosperm taking on the role of nutrition storage.
Understanding the role and characteristics of the mesosperm is important in plant biology and seed development studies, as it contributes to the overall success and viability of seed germination and subsequent plant growth.
