The word "mesosphere" is spelled with the letter "M" followed by "E,S,O,P,H,E,R,E". The IPA phonetic transcription for this word is /mɛsəsfɪər/. The first syllable, "meso", is pronounced with a short "e" sound followed by a stressed "s". The second syllable, "sphere", is pronounced with a short "e" sound and a stressed "r". The mesosphere is the atmospheric layer above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere, with an altitude range of 50 to 85 kilometers.
The mesosphere is a layer of the Earth's atmosphere situated between the stratosphere and the thermosphere. It is located approximately 31 to 53 miles (50 to 85 kilometers) above the Earth's surface. This region is characterized by a decrease in temperature with increasing altitude.
In the mesosphere, temperatures can drop as low as -184 degrees Fahrenheit (-120 degrees Celsius), making it the coldest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The thin air in this region makes it a challenging environment for survival, as it contains only a small fraction of the atmospheric gases present near the Earth's surface.
This region is also notable for the occurrence of meteors, as it serves as the layer where these space rocks often burn up upon entering the Earth's atmosphere. Additionally, the mesosphere is home to noctilucent clouds, which are rare, high-altitude clouds that can be observed on summer nights from certain latitudes.
Due to the low density of particles in this region, it is difficult for aircraft to operate or maintain a stable flight in the mesosphere. The boundary of the mesosphere, known as the mesopause, marks the upper limit for normal aircraft and commercial aviation. Above the mesopause lies the thermosphere, where the ionization of molecules leads to the creation of the auroras and other atmospheric phenomenons.
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The word "mesosphere" is derived from the Greek words "mesos", meaning middle, and "sphaira", meaning sphere. The term was coined by the Austrian meteorologist Theodor von Hörmann in 1902, who used it to describe the atmospheric region between the stratosphere and the thermosphere. The "meso-" prefix indicates the intermediate position of this layer in relation to other atmospheric layers.