JINGOISM Meaning and
Definition
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Jingoism is a noun that refers to an extreme and often belligerent form of patriotism or nationalism, characterized by an aggressive and bellicose foreign policy. The term originates from the British music hall song titled "We Don't Want to Fight But By Jingo If We Do," popularized during the Russo-Turkish War in 1877, which called for a fierce response if war became inevitable. The song's phrase, "by jingo," became synonymous with an enthusiastic and warlike nationalistic sentiment.
Jingoism is typically exhibited through the fervent promotion of one's own nation as superior, often accompanied by a strong disdain or hostility towards other countries or their citizens. It glorifies militarism and unconditionally supports military actions, advocating for intervention or aggressive measures against perceived threats. This ideology often disregards the complexities and nuances of international relations, favoring an uncompromising and confrontational stance.
Jingoism can be found in various contexts, including political speeches, media propaganda, and public demonstrations. It sometimes arises during times of national crisis or heightened tensions, seeking to rally support and unity among a population. However, it may also lead to a disregard for peace negotiations, diplomacy, and a cooperative approach to international issues.
While patriotism is characterized by a love and support for one's country, jingoism takes it to an extreme level, often involving aggression, xenophobia, and the glorification of war. It can have detrimental effects on global relations, fostering hostility and hindering cooperation among nations.
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Etymology of JINGOISM
The word "jingoism" originated in British politics in the late 19th century. Its etymology can be traced back to the chorus of a popular British patriotic song called "We Don't Want to Fight But By Jingo If We Do", which was written by G.W. Hunt during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878.
The term "jingo" in the song is believed to have been a distortion of the word "Saint Gingolph", which is a town on the border of Switzerland and France. The phrase "By Jingo"! essentially meant "By God"! or "By Jove"!—a mild way of expressing strong emotions or oaths.
The song became highly popular during a period of rising imperialism and militarism in Britain, when there was significant public support for aggressive foreign policies.
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