Islet cell tumors, also known as neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas, are a rare type of cancer that originates from the islet cells of the pancreas. Islet cells, also called neuroendocrine cells, are responsible for producing and releasing hormones that help regulate various bodily functions, including blood sugar levels.
Islet cell tumors can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign tumors typically grow slowly and remain localized, whereas malignant tumors can grow rapidly, invade surrounding tissues, and spread to other parts of the body.
Symptoms of islet cell tumors can vary depending on the type and location of the tumor. Common symptoms may include abdominal pain, changes in bowel movements, unexplained weight loss, nausea, and low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia). However, some islet cell tumors may not cause any symptoms, especially in the early stages.
The exact causes of islet cell tumors are still unknown. However, certain genetic conditions, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome, have been associated with an increased risk of developing these tumors.
Diagnosis of islet cell tumors often involves a combination of imaging tests, such as computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and blood tests to measure hormone levels. Treatment options for islet cell tumors may include surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy drugs.
Overall, timely detection and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing islet cell tumors and improving patient outcomes. Regular monitoring and follow-up with healthcare professionals are important for individuals with a history of islet cell tumors.
