INFLUENZA D VIRUSES Meaning and
Definition
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Influenza D viruses refer to a group of negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family. These viruses are known to primarily affect cattle, specifically domestic cattle and wild ruminants. Influenza D viruses were first discovered in 2011 from samples collected from pigs in Oklahoma, USA. They have since been detected in various countries worldwide.
In terms of structure, influenza D viruses possess an enveloped spherical structure, with their genetic material enclosed within a lipid bilayer membrane. The genome of these viruses is segmented and is comprised of seven or eight RNA segments, coding for various viral proteins. The envelope of the virus contains two main glycoproteins, namely hemagglutinin-esterase fusion (HEF) and a smaller matrix protein (M). These proteins play crucial roles in the viral lifecycle and host interactions.
Although influenza D viruses primarily circulate in cattle, there have been instances where they have been found to infect other animals, including pigs and humans. However, human infections have been relatively rare, and limited information is available regarding the clinical impact of influenza D viruses on human health.
In conclusion, influenza D viruses are a distinct group of Orthomyxoviruses primarily affecting cattle and ruminants. Further research and surveillance are necessary to fully characterize these viruses and understand their potential impact on animal and human health.
Common Misspellings for INFLUENZA D VIRUSES
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