IMMUNOLABELING TECHNIC Meaning and
Definition
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Immunolabeling technique, also known as immunohistochemistry (IHC), is a method used in biological and medical research to study the presence, localization, and abundance of specific proteins or other target molecules within tissues or cells. This technique relies on the specificity of antibodies that can recognize and attach to specific molecular targets of interest.
The immunolabeling technique involves a series of steps to detect and visualize the target molecule. These steps typically include tissue or cell sample preparation, primary antibody incubation, secondary antibody incubation, and detection of the labeled target molecule.
Initially, the sample is fixed and sectioned into thin slices for better access to the target protein. The primary antibody, which is designed to bind specifically to the target molecule, is then applied to the sample and allowed to incubate. Subsequently, a secondary antibody, which is conjugated to a marker molecule such as a fluorescent dye or an enzyme, is applied to the sample. The secondary antibody attaches to the primary antibody, increasing the signal and facilitating visualization. Finally, the labeled molecule can be imaged using various imaging techniques, such as fluorescence microscopy or enzymatic staining.
Immunolabeling technique is widely used in research fields such as immunology, cell biology, neuroscience, and pathology. Its ability to identify the presence and distribution of specific proteins within tissues and cells enables researchers to gain valuable insights into biological processes, cellular interactions, and disease mechanisms.
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Etymology of IMMUNOLABELING TECHNIC
The term "immunolabeling technic" is derived from two main components: "immuno-" and "labeling technique".
1. "Immunology" comes from the Latin word "immunis", meaning "exempt from" or "protected against". It refers to the study of the immune system, which includes understanding how the body defends itself against pathogens and disease.
2. "Labeling technique" refers to a method of identifying or tagging specific molecules or structures within a biological sample. It involves using specific antibodies or other binding molecules that can recognize and bind to the target molecules of interest, allowing them to be visualized or detected.
When combined, "immunolabeling technic" refers to a technique that uses antibodies or other binding molecules to label or detect specific molecules within a biological sample, primarily used in immunology-related research or diagnostics.
