IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS Meaning and
Definition
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Immunocytochemical analysis refers to a laboratory technique used to examine and analyze the distribution and expression of specific proteins or antigens within cells or tissues. This method involves the utilization of antibodies to specifically bind to the target protein of interest, enabling the visualization and assessment of its presence, concentration, and localization.
The process of immunocytochemical analysis typically begins by fixing the cells or tissues onto a microscope slide, preserving their structure. Next, permeabilization is performed to allow the antibodies to penetrate the cell or tissue and access the target antigens. The primary antibody, which is specific to the protein of interest, is then applied to the sample. It specifically binds to the target antigen, forming an antigen-antibody complex.
To visualize this complex and determine its localization, a secondary antibody conjugated with a detectable marker, such as a fluorescent dye or enzyme, is applied. This secondary antibody specifically recognizes and attaches to the primary antibody, surrounding the target antigen with a fluorescent or chromogenic tag.
Under a microscope, the labeled antibodies allow researchers to identify the presence and distribution of the protein of interest within the sample. The intensity, pattern, and localization of the fluorescent or chromogenic signal generated can provide valuable insights into cellular processes or disease mechanisms.
Overall, immunocytochemical analysis plays a critical role in biomedical research, allowing scientists to investigate the presence, localization, and levels of specific proteins within cells or tissues, contributing to our understanding of various biological processes and diseases.
Common Misspellings for IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
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Etymology of IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
The word "immunocytochemical analysis" has the following etymology:
1. Immunology: The term "immune" derives from the Latin word "immunis", which means "exempt" or "free" from a duty, debt, or burden. It refers to the protection provided by the immune system against foreign substances, such as pathogens. The field of immunology studies the immune system and its responses to various antigens and diseases.
2. Cytology: The word "cyto" originates from the Greek word "kytos", which means "cell". Cytology is the branch of biology that focuses on the study of cells, including their structure, function, and behavior.
3. Chemical: The term "chemical" is derived from the word "chemistry", which stems from the Arabic word "al-kīmiyā".
