Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathies (HOCM) is a medical condition characterized by abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, specifically the left ventricle. It is a type of cardiomyopathy, which refers to diseases that affect the structure and function of the heart muscle. HOCM is typically hereditary and is caused by genetic mutations that affect the proteins involved in cardiac muscle contraction.
The abnormal thickening of the heart muscle in HOCM can lead to the narrowing of the left ventricle's outflow tract, which is the pathway through which blood is pumped out of the heart and circulated to the rest of the body. This narrowing, known as left ventricular outflow obstruction, can impede the flow of blood, leading to various symptoms and complications.
Individuals with HOCM may experience symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness, fainting, and palpitations. These symptoms can be aggravated during physical activity or exercise due to the increased demand placed on the heart.
Aside from the physical symptoms, HOCM can also predispose individuals to various complications, including heart arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. It is therefore important for individuals diagnosed with HOCM to receive proper medical management, including close monitoring of symptoms, lifestyle modifications, and potentially medication or surgical interventions.
In summary, Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathies refer to a group of genetic conditions that cause abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, primarily the left ventricle. This thickening can lead to narrowing of the outflow tract, resulting in symptoms and potential complications.
