Hypermetropia is a visual disorder characterized by the inability to see near objects clearly. The word is often misspelt as "hyperopia", however, the correct spelling includes the prefix "metro-" denoting measurement, and it should be pronounced as /ˌhaɪpərˌmɛtrəˈpɪə/. The "hypo" prefix means below or under, and "hyper" means over or above. This condition is caused by a refractive error of the eye, resulting in light rays converging behind the retina instead of on it, leading to blurry vision.
Hypermetropia, also known as hyperopia or farsightedness, is a common refractive error of the eye that affects the ability to clearly focus on nearby objects. It is characterized by the inability of the eye to adequately bend light rays, resulting in blurred vision when objects are close. This condition occurs when the eyeball is slightly shorter than normal, causing the light to focus behind the retina instead of directly on it.
Individuals affected by hypermetropia often experience difficulties with tasks such as reading, writing, or seeing objects that are nearby, while objects in the distance may appear clear. While hypermetropia can be present from birth, it is also common for it to develop with age due to a decrease in the elasticity of the lens.
Symptoms of hypermetropia may include eyestrain, headaches, and fatigue during activities that require close vision. In mild cases, the eyes can compensate for the condition, but in more severe cases, corrective measures may be necessary. These can include wearing prescription glasses or contact lenses, which help to redirect the light and bring the focused image back onto the retina. In some cases, refractive surgery, such as LASIK or PRK, may be recommended to permanently correct hypermetropia.
Regular eye examinations are crucial for early detection and management of hypermetropia, as uncorrected hyperopia may lead to additional eye strain, eye discomfort, and potentially cause other eye problems over time if left untreated.
The word "hypermetropia" is derived from the Greek words "hyper" meaning "beyond" or "over", and "metron" meaning "measure". The term was first used in the mid-19th century to describe a refractive error of the eye where distant objects can be seen more clearly than near objects. It is also known as hyperopia or farsightedness. The word "hyperopia" itself comes from the Greek words "hyper" meaning "beyond" and "ops" meaning "eye". Hence, "hypermetropia" refers to a condition where the focal point of light falls beyond the retina, causing nearby objects to appear blurred.